Review: mountain lakes as freshwater resources at risk from chemical pollution

Machate, Oliver; Schmeller, Dirk S.; Schulze, Tobias; Brack, Werner

doi:10.1186/s12302-022-00710-3

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 1 Overview of studies documenting water concentration data for mountain lakes from different parts of the world

From: Review: mountain lakes as freshwater resources at risk from chemical pollution

Mountain range	Country	Publication	Sampling method^a	Substances^b	Lake	Sampling year	Altitude (m)	Size (ha)^c
Sierra Nevada	US	Datta et al. [32]	180L SW from vessel in SST	PCBs	Tahoe	1995	1897	49620
					Marlette	1995	2500	55
		Noir et al. [33]	4L SW in glass	OCs	Crescent meadows	1997	2042	NA
					Tablelands	1997	3231	NA
					Sixty lakes basin	1997	3322	0.9
					Moro creek	1998	823	NA
		Bradford et al. [34]	100L direct SPE	OCs, CUPs	Frog	2003	3091	1
					E. Marjori	2003	3550	4
					Gorge of despair	2003	3042	2
					Wright	2003	3645	17
		Bradford et al. [26]	Hand corer at 1 m depth (sediment)	OCs, CUPs, PCBs, PAHs	60-lake	2005	3225	0.2
					9-lakes	2005	3189	6
					Bench	2005	3299	3
					Beville	2005	2786	0.1
					Blue Cyn	2005	3241	0.2
					Forgotten	2005	3262	0.7
					Gorge	2005	3188	0.4
					Laurel	2005	3177	0.5
					Observat	2005	3207	10
					Ouzel	2005	3338	0.2
					Palisades	2005	3260	0.1
					Tableland	2005	3243	0.1
					White chief	2005	3120	1
					Wright	2005	3375	0.8
Rocky M	Canada	Donald et al. [35]	40L, 5 m depth, centre of lake	Chlorobornane	Emerald	1994	1300	116
					Cabin	1994	1219	32
					Maligne	1994	1671	2066
		Blais et al. [36]	72L in SST	OCs	Annette	1994	1019	29
					Bow	1998	1940	280
		Wilkinson et al. [37]	70L SW in alu tank, sampled from shore	OCs	Bow	1998 1999 2000	1975	320^c
					Kananaskis	2000	1667	780^c
					Dixon Dam	2000	946	43030^§
					Kinbasket	1999	770	1760^§
Pyrenees	Spain	Vilanova et al. [38]	100L from several depths, direct SPE	OCs, PCBs	Redon	1996 1997 1998	2240	24
		Fernandez et al. [39]	100L several depths	OCs	Redon	2000 2001	2240	24
		Santolaria et al. [40]	5L SW, middle of lake	BDE, PAHs, OCs, PCBs	Sabocos	2011 2012 2014	1905	9.3
		Machate et al. [19]	Passive sampling	OCs, CUPs, PCBs, PAHs, BDEs, Personal care products, etc.	Ansabere	2018	1850	0.2
					Acherito	2018	1880	6.0
					Puit	2018	1880	0.2
					Ayes	2018	1714	2.0
					Belonguere	2018	1907	0.1
					Coueyla Gran	2018	2159	0.5
					Madamete Bas	2018	2307	0.1
					Gourg de Rabas	2018	2400	1.0
Alps	Austria	Vilanova et al. [38]	100L from several depths, direct SPE	OCs, PCBs	Gossenkölle	1996	2417	2
	Austria				Gossenkölle	1997	2417	2
	France	Nellier et al. [41]	60L SW & DW	PCBs	Muzelle	2012 2013	2115	10
	France				Plan Vianney	2012 2013	2250	5
Tatra M	Slovakia	Fernandez et al. [39]	100L several depths	OCs	Ladove	2000	2057	2
Caledonia M	Norway	Vilanova et al. [38]	100L from several depths, direct SPE	OCs, PCBs	Øvre Neådalsvatn	1998	728	50
Southern Alps	New Zealand	Wu et al. [42]	800L subsurface water direct SPE	OCs	Brewster lake	2014 2015	1700	2
Nyenchen Tanglha M	Tibet	Ren et al. [43]	200L SW, direct SPE	OCs, PAHs, PCBs	Nam Co lake	2014	4718	201,500
		Ren et al. [44]	200L SW, direct SPE	OCs, PAHs, PCBs	Nam Co lake	2013	4718	201,500
Himalaya	Nepal	Galassi et al. [45]	5L	OCs, PCBs	Lake Inferior	1994	5067	2
		Guzzella et al. [46]	2L SW in glass container	OCs, PAHs, PCBs	Lobuche 152	2007	4893	NA
					Lobuche 14	2007	4893	NA
					Lobuche 12/13	2007	4968	57^c
					Lake Pyramid 10	2007	5053	2^c
					Lake Pyramid 9	2007	5215	0.6^c
					Kalapattar 7	2007	5293	0.2^c
Volcanoe Poas	Costa Rica	Shunthirasingham et al. [47]	10-20L SW in SST	OCs	Laguna Botos	2009	2580	10^c
Volcanoe Barva					Laguna Barva	2009	2840	1^c

SW surface water; DW deep water; SST stainless steel tank; SPE solid phase extraction: OCs organochlorine pesticides; CUP current-use pesticide; PAH polyaromatic hydrocarbon; PCB polychlorinated biphenyl; NA Not Assessed lakes could not be identified in google image
^aShortforms
^bShortforms
^cSize of lake was estimated via google maps

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