Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 1 Subgroup analysis for river types, river size, spatial basis and study design

From: Effects of agricultural land use on river biota: a meta-analysis

	Mean	95% CI	N
River type
Mountain	− 0.72	[− 1.30;− 0.15]	17
Lowland	− 0.76	[− 1.09;− 0.42]	45
River size
Small	− 0.72	[− 1.24;− 0.21]	29
Large	− 0.68	[− 1.09;− 0.27]	27
Spatial basis
Catchment	− 0.75	[− 1.04;− 0.46]	69
Buffer	− 0.70	[− 1.07;− 0.34]	7
Study design
Control vs impact	− 0.78	[− 1.12;− 0.45]	51
Gradient	− 0.68	[− 1.11;− 0.25]	25

Shown are mean summary effect sizes (mean), 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and number of effect sizes (N)

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