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Table 2 Assessed GHS hazard statements for human health of herbicidal AIs (n = 54) approved in Austria 2000–2019, classified by EU regulation (EC) 1272/2008

From: Reducing overall herbicide use may reduce risks to humans but increase toxic loads to honeybees, earthworms and birds

Code

Hazard class and category

Hazard statement

H301

Acute toxicity (oral), Cat 3

Toxic if swallowed

H302

Acute toxicity (oral), Cat 4

Harmful if swallowed

H312

Acute toxicity (dermal), Cat 4

Harmful in contact with skin

H315

Skin corrosion/irritation, Cat 2

Causes skin irritation

H317

Sensitization—skin, Cat 1

May cause an allergic skin reaction

H318

Serious eye damage/eye irritation, Cat 1

Causes serious eye damage

H319

Serious eye damage/eye irritation, Cat 2

Causes serious eye irritation

H330

Acute toxicity (inhalation), Cat 1,2

Fatal if inhaled

H331

Acute toxicity (inhalation), Cat 3

Toxic if inhaled

H332

Acute toxicity (inhalation), Cat 4

Harmful if inhaled

H335

Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure, Cat 3, respiratory tract irritation

May cause respiratory irritation

H351

Carcinogenicity, Cat 2

Suspected of causing cancer

H360D

Reproductive toxicity Cat 1A, 1B

May damage the unborn child

H360Df

Reproductive toxicity Cat 1A, 1B

May damage the unborn child. Suspected of damaging fertility

H360FD

Reproductive toxicity Cat 1A, 1B

May damage fertility; may damage the unborn child

H361d

Reproductive toxicity Cat 2

Suspected of damaging the unborn child

H361fd

Reproductive toxicity Cat 2

Suspected of damaging fertility and of damaging the unborn child

H372

Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure, Cat 1

Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure

H373

Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure, Cat 2

May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure

  1. GHS globally harmonized system of classification and labeling of chemicals [106], Cat category