Table 5 Other veterinary medicines and its metabolites and transformation products found in manure
Substance | Reference | Matrix | Origin | Min | Max | Unit | Dry matter content, comments or quotation | n | n positive | % positive |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flubendazole | [75] | Pig manure | Germany (BY) | 0.020 | 0.056 | mg/L (ww) | 1–2 % | 7 | 7 | 100 |
Amino-flubendazole | [75] | Pig manure | Germany (BY) | 0.032 | 0.110 | mg/L (ww) | 1–2 % | 7 | 7 | 100 |
Hydroxy-flubendazole | [75] | Pig manure | Germany (BY) | 0.018 | 0.075 | mg/L (ww) | 1–2 % | 7 | 7 | 100 |
Lincomycin | [39] | Pig manure | Canada | 2.520 | 9.780 | mg/L (ww) | mean 2.4 % | 5 | 5 | 100 |
Salinomycin | [60] | Pig manure | Germany | – | 0.011 | mg/kg (ns) | 5 % | 4 | 1 | 25 |
Spectinomycin | [39] | Pig manure | Canada | 0.173 | 0.686 | mg/L (ww) | mean 2.4 % | 5 | 5 | 100 |
Tiamulin | [25] | Pig manure | Germany (BY) | – | 0.500 | mg/kg (ww) | 0.2–17.3 % (mean 3.7 %) | 380 | 1 | <1 |
[54] | Pig manure | China | 0.076 | 0.169 | mg/kg (dw) | (ns) | 126 | 6 | 5 | |
[60] | Pig manure | Germany | – | 0.043 | mg/kg (ns) | 5 % | 4 | 1 | 25 | |
Toltrazuril | [53] | Pig manure | Denmark | – | 0.114 | mg/kg (dw) | “Manure from a slurry storage tank” (ns) | 1 | 1 | 100 |
Toltrazuril sulfone | [53] | Pig manure | Denmark | – | 0.085 | mg/kg (dw) | “Manure from a slurry storage tank” (ns) | 1 | 1 | 100 |
Toltrazuril sulfoxide | [53] | Pig manure | Denmark | – | 0.007 | mg/kg (dw) | “Manure from a slurry storage tank” (ns) | 1 | 1 | 100 |
Trimethoprim | [22] | Pig and cattle manure | Switzerland | <0.1 | <0.1 | mg/kg (ww) | 1.1–3.7 % | 6 | 1 | 17 |
[56] | Pig and cattle manure | Germany (NW) | – | 0.050 | mg/kg (dw) | Liquid and stable manure (ns) | 34 | 1 | 3 | |
Tylosin | [43] | Cattle manure | Italy | – | <0.25 | mg/kg (ns) | “Heap” (ns) | 1 | 1 | 100 |
[63] | Pig manure | Canada | 0.030 | 0.543 | mg/kg (dw) | (ns) | – | – | – | |
[75] | Pig manure | Germany (BY) | 0.130 | 0.320 | mg/L (ww) | 1–2 % | 8 | 8 | 100 |