Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 1 Descriptive statistics

From: Determining the environmental effect of Chinese FDI on the Belt and Road countries CO₂ emissions: an EKC-based assessment in the context of pollution haven and halo hypotheses

Variables	Mean	St. Dev	Min	Mix
Panel A
CO₂e	3.507	1.680	1.359	7.444
CoFDI	3.093	2.453	− 0.693	9.561
Y	8.856	0.689	7.559	9.887
EI	4.999	1.740	2.520	11.08
RE	19.26	11.37	1.270	42.60
Panel B
CO₂e	4.175	1.544	0.840	7.883
CoFDI	5.766	2.132	− 0.673	10.82
Y	8.515	1.371	6.254	11.20
EI	5.085	2.177	1.650	19.33
RE	21.88	25.39	0.000	91.31

CO₂e environmental degradation, CoFDI Chinese outward FDI, Y GDP capita and all of these variables are in natural log, while EI energy intensity, and RE renewable energy consumption

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