Comparisons of lifetime exposures between differently polluted areas and years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to air pollution

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 3 Proportion of all-cause mortality attributable to life time exposure to air pollutant and years of life lost due to all-cause mortality per 100,000 men/women

Loca-tion	Population attributable fractions [%]						Total relative years of life lost per 100,000 men/women of locality
	PM₁₀		PM_2.5		NO₂		Male					Female
	PAF_q		PAF_q		PAF_q		YLL(rel)_q					YLL(rel)_q
	Avg^a	Max^b	Avg^a	Max^b	Avg^a	Max^b	Avg^c	SD^d	Max^e	Diff.^f	p-value^g	Avg^c	SD^d	Max^e	Diff.^f	p-value^g
HPA	11	14	20	23	2	2	24,432	696	156,409	3354	< 0.001	16,920	453	140,200	1330	< 0.001
LPA	4	6	11	14	1	1	21,376	654	165,545	3354	< 0.001	15,771	734	142,619	1330	< 0.001

^aAverage population attributable fraction (PAF_q) in percent for specific air pollutant in locality HPA and LPA same for male and female
^bMaximum PAF in percent for specific air pollutant in locality HPA and LPA over the observed period
^cAverage of years of life lost [YLL(rel)_q] due all-cause mortality per 100,000 population
^dStandard deviation of YLL(rel)_q expressing the variability in the time axis. ^eMaximum YLL(rel)_q of the whole observation period
^fHodges–Lehmann Estimates of median of differences between HPA and LPA
^gp-value of Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test for Paired Data