Fig. 6

a TITAN Analysis of community data with time since restoration (TsR) as gradient with a reliability and purity cut-off of 0.9 (bootstraps = 1000). On the left-hand side, taxa with a decreasing trend in abundance are given (black dots, continuous line, z− ). On the right-hand side, taxa with an increasing trend in abundance are shown (white dots, dashed line, z +). The size of the dots shows the z scores. Higher z scores result in larger dots and demonstrate a larger indicator potential. b Heat map of frequency of occurrence across sampling sites per year since restoration. Black boxes = 100%, white boxes = 0%. For explanations of the species abbreviations see Additional file 4: Table S1