Association of ambient particulate matter with hospital admissions, length of hospital stay, and hospital costs due to cardiovascular disease: time-series analysis based on data from the Shanghai Medical Insurance System from 2016 to 2019

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 1 Mean, SD, and distributions of hospital admissions, LOS, and hospital costs due to cardiovascular disease during the study period, and characteristics of different patient subgroups

Variable	Total	Mean^a	SD^a	P₅	P₂₅	P₅₀	P₇₅	P₉₅
Hospital admissions	1,896,741	1298.25	485.83	429	947	1469	1634	1873
LOS (days)	14,829,931	10,150.53	4301.60	3033	6484	11,580	13,013	14,869
Hospital costs^b (1000 CNY)	39,981,403	27,366	10,402	8104	21,974	29,875	34,715	41,099
Gender
Male	967,736 (51.02%)	662.38	251.96	210	486	741	838	976
Female	929,005 (48.98%)	635.87	235.76	215	457	726	799	909
Age group, years
≤ 45	84,373 (4.45%)	57.75	23.01	18	43	59	73	93
45–64	337,039 (17.77%)	230.69	97.00	62	169	245	302	370
65–75	519,085 (27.37%)	355.29	142.37	103	265	386	457	552
≥ 75	956,244 (50.42%)	654.51	240.96	229	443	754	817	914

LOS length of hospital stay
^aHere and below: mean and SD refer to average per day and corresponding standard deviation
^bHospital costs were calculated according to CNY in January 2016