Table 1 Basic characteristics of the study participants
Males (n = 422) | Females (n = 383) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
3-PBA(ug/L) uncorrected* | 0.43(0.38–0.49) | 0.52(0.45–0.60) | < 0.001 |
3-PBA(ug/g) creatinine uncorrected * | 0.31(0.27–0.35) | 0.45(0.39–0.51) | < 0.001 |
Age (years) mean(SD) | 17.78(1.40) | 17.80(1.42) | 0.754 |
Race/ethnicity (%) | 0.113 | ||
Hispanic (%) | 140(33.18) | 147(38.38) | |
Non-Hispanic White | 137(32.46) | 95(24.80) | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 105(24.88) | 101(26.37) | |
Other Race | 40(9.48) | 40(10.44) | |
The Poverty Income Ratio (%) | 0.169 | ||
< 1.3 | 177(41.94) | 185(48.30) | |
1.3–3.5 | 150(35.55) | 126(32.90) | |
> 3.5 | 95(22.51) | 72(18.80) | |
Physical activity (%) | < 0.001 | ||
Sedentary | 90(21.33) | 156(40.73) | |
Moderate activity | 44(10.43) | 79(20.63) | |
Vigorous activity | 288(68.25) | 148(38.64) | |
Body mass index (kg/m2, %) | 0.011 | ||
< 18.5 | 22(5.21) | 38(9.92) | |
18.5–24.9 | 209(49.53) | 207(54.05) | |
25–29.9 | 104(24.64) | 71(18.54) | |
≥ 30 | 87(20.62) | 67(17.49) | |
Sleep problems (%) | 31(7.35) | 39(10.18) | 0.154 |