Prioritising nano- and microparticles: identification of physicochemical properties relevant for toxicity to Raphidocelis subcapitata and Daphnia magna

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 5 Ecotoxicity for D. magna and uptake of toxic ion-releasing materials with various morphologies. Selected physicochemical properties of the materials are shown (for material details see Additional file 1: Tables S4 and S5)

Materials	Selected PC parameters			EC₅₀ (mg/L) [CI]			Uptake into gut
Materials	Length [µm]	Size ∅ [nm]	Reactivity	Fibre	Sphere	Platelet	Uptake into gut
Copper
Cu_fibre	5	100	Yes	1.947 [1.191–2.703]			Yes
nCu	–	76	Yes		0.0132 [0.0007–18.1792]		n.a
CuO	–	24	n.d		0.2481 [-0.0307–0.5268]		n.a
Zinc
ZnO-NM-110	–	41	No		3.43 [2.85–4.02]		n.a
ZnO-NM-111	–	34	No		8.25 [4.70–11.80]		n.a
ZnO-NM-113	–	42	No		5.63 [3.26–8.00]		n.a
Silver
Ag—1340/RAS	3.8	44	Yes	0.0016 [− 0.014–0.018]			Yes
SRM 110525/RAS	2.4	241	No	0.0085 [0.002–0.015			Yes
Ag_short/ACS	1.3	52	n.d	0.614 [0.549–0.669]			Yes
Ag_long/ACS	4.4	52	Yes	0.221 [0.198–0.243]			Yes
Ag_Rod_3140/nanoGAP	14	53	Yes	0.265 [0.251–0.279]			Yes
Ag_Rod_3143/nanoGAP	1.6	41	Yes	0.220 [0.212–0.229]			Yes
Ag_Rod_3170/nanoGAP	6.5	63	Yes	0.213 [0.191–0.235]			Yes
Ag_Rod_DS_ 0471/nanoGAP	1.6	44	Yes	0.122 [0.110–0.134]			Yes
NM-300 K/RAS	–	15	No		0.043 [0.038–0.047]		Yes
Ag B190/DODUKO	0.2 (thickness)	3.9 * 10³	Yes			n.t	n.t
Ag ES-4/DODUKO	0.5 (thickness)	1.7 * 10³	Yes			n.t	n.t

Grey shaded fields—not relevant
CI confidence interval, n.t. not testable in D. magna assay, n.a. not assessed