Table 1 Assessment criteria for analyzing the impact of economic instruments on phosphorus use
Assessment criterion | Explanation |
|---|---|
P efficiency | Promotion of efficient, needs-based, site- and crop-specific fertilization and P-mobilizing management strategies Reduction of P fertilization at highly supplied sites Avoidance of P losses Enhancement of P efficiency in animal feeding |
Regional P surpluses | Avoidance of P surpluses at farm and regional level to reduce eutrophication risk |
P balances | Balancing of imports and exports of P to and from the EU, focusing on the reduction of dependence on P imports |
P fertilizer quality | Reduction of the contaminant levels of imported P fertilizers, particularly of Cd and U |
P circular economy | Substitution of fertilizers containing rock phosphate by organic fertilizers and recovered P, in particular promotion of P recycling |
Agricultural structures | Promotion of organic farming and further agro-ecological production methods Increased linking of livestock and arable farming Improvement of the condition of soils, water, biodiversity, climate |