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Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 5 ANOVA results testing effects of weed control types (WCT: glyphosate-based herbicides GBHs, their active ingredients AIs, or hand weeding as control) and soil organic matter level (SOM) on water infiltration rate and leachate, and glyphosate concentrations in soil and water

From: Effects of glyphosate-based herbicides and their active ingredients on earthworms, water infiltration and glyphosate leaching are influenced by soil properties

Factors

Measurement parameters

 

Water infiltration rate (mm min−1)

Water leachate (l m−2)

 

Df

F value

Pr (> F)

Df

F value

Pr (> F)

Weed control type

2

4.725

0.012

2

4.996

0.010

SOM

1

45.991

 < 0.001

1

28.072

 < 0.001

WCT x SOM

2

5.935

0.004

2

1.279

0.285

Residuals

64

  

64

  
  

t value

Pr ( >|t|)

 

t value

Pr ( >|t|)

Multiple comparisons of means (Tukey)

AI—Control

 

3.006

0.010

 

2.268

0.066

GBH—Control

 

− 2.680

0.024

 

− 0.245

0.967

GBH—AI

 

0.461

0.888

 

2.861

0.015

 

Glyphosate conc. in soil (ng g−1)

Glyphosate conc. in water (ng g−1)

 

Df

F value

Pr (> F)

Df

F value

Pr (> F)

Weed control type

2

5.910

0.003

2

11.317

 < 0.001

SOM

1

2.745

0.099

1

22.144

 < 0.001

Time

1

52.727

 < 0.001

NA

NA

NA

WCT x SOM

2

7.242

0.001

2

4.163

0.020

Residuals

200

  

62

  
  

t value

Pr ( >|t|)

 

t value

Pr ( >|t|)

Multiple comparisons of means (Tukey)

AI—Control

 

− 3.135

0.006

 

− 1.549

0.269

GBH—Control

 

3.317

0.003

 

4.049

 < 0.001

GBH – AI

 

0.269

0.960

 

3.953

 < 0.001

  1. See Figs. 2, 3 for illustrations of these effects. Significant treatment effects are in bold
  2. NA not applicable
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