Table 1 Measurements of the fate of ELT infill on three Dutch fields [40]

General information

Year of construction

8–2016

2008

2007

Research period

Winter 2017–2018

Field age (years)

1

10

11

Maintenance

n

Poor

Well

Leaf-blowing direction

Not described

Outwards

Inwards

Sides with trees

2

3

2

A. Infill compaction (% per year)

2.8

2.7

 Infill recovered from high-use areas (kg/m²)

4.3

31.4

 Infill recovered from low-use area (kg/m²⁾

3.1

22.9

 Net compaction (kg/m²)

1.2

8.5

B. Infill loss in brushing waste (kg/field/year)

21–140

9–60

0

 Number of brushing events/year

7

1

0

 Amount of collected waste (L)

80 ± 20

240 ± 60

0

 Infill content in brushing waste (%v/v)

7.6

50

n.d

  Density of infill (kg/L)

0.5

n.d

0.6

  65% as suspended mass (kg/field/year)

1.0

n.d

1.1

C. Infill loss to pavement (kg/field/year)

1.2

60

16

 Total paved surface (m²)

1258

310

522

 Time since last brushing (weeks)

14

4

1

 Mean infill (g/m²)

0.8

38

2.2

 Weekly spread (g/m²/week)

0.1

10

2.2

  Leaf blowing (weeks per year)

13

  Dispersal by other means (weeks per year)

40

  90% by leaf blowing (kg/field/year)

0.8

44

12

  10% by other means (kg/field/year)

0.3

15

4

D. Infill loss to drainage sinks

 Number of sinks

8

0

20

 Time since last cleaning (years)

3

–

10

 Mass flux to sludge (kg/field/year)

1.5

–

1.7

E. Infill to ditches (kg/field/year)

4.3

6.1

 Distance to ditch (m)

No ditch

3

4

 Thickness of sediment layer (m)

0.1

0.05

 Width of ditch (m)

1.5

0.5

 Length of ditch (m)

64

100

 Time since last dredging

3

10

 % infill in sediment

0.26

4.9

F. Infill to grass strip (kg/field/year)

256

269

279

 Infill concentration in sod (0–0.02 depth) g/kg soil

28–70

190–220

250–610

 Infill concentration in soil (0.02–0.05 depth) g/kg soil

 < 0.1

130

90–200