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Table 6 PARC groups and interpreted true mineralogical phases containing high V or Mn concentrations (thresholds given in table)

From: A method for analysis of nuisance dust from integrated steel works: chemical and mineralogical characteristics of contributing sources

Source/material ID

Short name

Area %

PARC groups satisfying criteria

True phases (interpreted)

V > 0.5 wt% (reported as V2O5) in one or more PARC groups (after erosion filter)

 1

Converter

51.09

{Ca}, {S, Ca}, {Al, Si, Ca}, {S}, {Mg, Si, Ca}, {Al, Ca}, {Al, Ca, Fe}, {Si, Ca}, {Mg, Si, Ca, Fe}

C2S, C2(A,F), lime/portlandite/calcite, weathering products of C2S and C2(A,F)

 2

Slopping

2.97

{Ca}, {Al, Si, Ca}, {S}, {Si, Ca}

C2S, lime/portlandite/calcite, Ca–Al-silicate, weathering products of C2S

 3

Sinter

24.73

{S, Ca}, {Mg, Fe}, {Si, Ca}

C2S, possibly spinel solution (Mg,Fe)(Fe,V)2O4

 10

Ca-aluminate slag

5.08

{Mg, Al, Si, Ca}, {S}, {Si, Ca}

C2S

 11

Dolomite

1.58

{Mg, Ca}

Dolomite residue—potentially reacted: monoxide CaO- and MgO-rich solutions with V(?) or with C2(A,F) and C2S finely intergrown in small quantities

 25

Carbon-rich other

0.80

{Ca}

Lime/portlandite/calcite, C2(A,F)

 26

Unassigned, low carbon

1.33

{Ca}, {Si, Ca}

Lime/portlandite/calcite, C2S

Mn > 10 wt% (reported as MnO) in one or more PARC groups (after erosion filter)

 1

Converter

51.09

{Mg}, {Mg, Fe}, {Si, Ca, Fe}, {Mg, Ca, Fe}, {Mg, Si, Ca, Fe}

Mg-wustite (Mg,Mn,Fe)O; oxidation products of Mg-wustite incl. spinel solution (magnetite) (Mg,Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mn)2O4; lime (Ca,Mn,Fe)O, portlandite and calcite

 2

Slopping

2.97

{Mg, Fe}

Mg-wustite {Mg,Mn,Fe)O

 3

Sinter

24.73

{Mg, Fe}, {Mn}, {Mg, Ca, Fe}, {Mn, Fe}

Mg-wustite (Mg,Mn,Fe)O, scarce Mn-dominated Mn–Fe-oxide, magnetite (spinel) solution (Mg,Mn,Fe)(Fe,Al)2O4

 5

Ore/sinter/pellet

3.10

{Ca}

Lime {Ca,Mn,Fe)O/portlandite

 10

Ca-aluminate slag

5.08

{Mg, Al}

Spinel (Mg,Mn)Al2O4

 11

Dolomite

1.58

{Mg, Fe}

Mg-wustite (Mg,Mn,Fe)O

 22

Qz–clay–fsp–mica

0.64

{Si, Ca}

Possible pyroxene or other natural rock-forming mineral

 26

Unassigned, low carbon

1.33

{Si}, {Mn}, {Si, Mn}, {Al, Si, Mn}

Mn-dominated Mn–Fe-oxide, Mn-rich silicate phases

  1. Full tabulated EDS analyses given in Additional file 1: F