DNA metabarcoding reveals the complex and hidden responses of chironomids to multiple stressors

Beermann, Arne J.; Zizka, Vera M. A.; Elbrecht, Vasco; Baranov, Viktor; Leese, Florian

doi:10.1186/s12302-018-0157-x

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 2 Summary of (M)ANOVA results for the habitat “leaf litter”

From: DNA metabarcoding reveals the complex and hidden responses of chironomids to multiple stressors

Leaf litter	% reads	% habitat reads	N	S	V	N × S	C	N × V	C	S × V	C	N × S × V	P
Response variable	% reads	% habitat reads	p value	p value	p value	p value	C	p value	C	p value	C	p value	P
Total read abundance			0.098 (0.05)↑	0.943	< 0.001 (0.48)↓	0.100		0.745		0.557		0.167
Simpson’s diversity			0.356	0.807	0.095	0.371		0.693		0.866		0.799
Pielou’s evenness			0.439	0.612	0.226	0.538		0.667		0.365		0.941
OTU Richness			0.902	0.658	0.002 (0.15)↓	0.162		0.891		0.938		0.213
Community composition (MANOVA, 25 OTUs)	65.01	94.65	0.131	0.529	< 0.001 (0.76)	0.193		0.626		0.507		0.396
OTU_1	23.38	34.04	0.197	0.967	< 0.001 (0.22)↓	0.080 (0.05)	+ A	0.967		0.542		0.264	I
OTU_2	16.23	23.63	0.804	0.535	0.001 (0.17)↓	0.568		0.355		0.468		0.625	I
OTU_466	4.72	6.86	0.343	0.770	< 0.001 (0.27)↓	0.219		0.866		0.796		0.778	I
OTU_4	3.73	5.42	0.016 (0.10)↑	0.083 (0.05)↑	0.005 (0.13)↓	0.567		0.628		0.683		0.262	J
OTU_7	2.43	3.53	0.369	0.842	0.150	0.545		0.392		0.483		0.665	B
OTU_5	1.91	2.78	0.030 (0.08)↓	0.982	0.882	0.308		0.212		0.542		0.286	K
OTU_3	1.48	2.15	0.619	0.681	0.481	0.742		0.449		0.282		0.658	B
OTU_21	1.06	1.55	0.545	0.819	0.000 (0.41)↓	0.553		0.787		0.384		0.016 (0.10)	L
OTU_11	0.61	0.88	0.320	0.715	0.249	0.678		0.076 (0.06)	− S	0.677		0.953	B
OTU_17	0.41	0.59	0.052 (0.07)↑	0.198	0.938	0.304		0.507		0.474		0.041 (0.07)	M
OTU_9	0.39	0.56	0.041 (0.07)↑	0.926	0.082 (0.05)↓	0.186		0.300		0.029 (0.08)	− A	0.368	N
OTU_262	0.34	0.50	0.224	0.390	0.217	0.230		0.998		0.415		0.714	B
OTU_18	0.33	0.47	0.787	0.293	0.605	0.314		0.501		0.104		0.798	B
OTU_16	0.24	0.35	0.521	0.091 (0.05)↑	0.862	0.349		0.243		0.249		0.947	B
OTU_138	1.49	2.18	0.949	0.994	0.014 (0.10)↓	0.927		0.556		0.242		0.573	I
OTU_29	0.93	1.36	0.340	0.948	0.322	0.061	+ A	0.441		0.359		0.264	B
OTU_316	0.97	1.41	0.665	0.765	0.042 (0.07)↓	0.692		0.092 (0.05)	+ A	0.463		0.119	I
OTU_10	0.78	1.13	0.110	0.444	0.011 (0.11)↓	0.745		0.410		0.596		0.141	I
OTU_20	0.80	1.17	0.297	0.946	0.014 (0.10)↓	0.190		0.164		0.971		0.534	I
OTU_116	0.69	1.01	0.656	0.717	0.035 (0.08)↓	0.604		0.194		0.313		0.216	I
OTU_13	0.57	0.84	0.660	0.690	< 0.001 (0.26)↓	0.300		0.940		0.134		0.574	I
OTU_30	0.46	0.67	0.943	0.025 (0.09)↑	0.002 (0.16)↓	0.263		0.673		0.296		0.111	O
OTU_293	0.36	0.53	0.708	0.400	0.197	0.967		0.764		0.456		0.127	B
OTU_27	0.37	0.54	0.300	0.128	< 0.001 (0.22)↓	0.944		0.768		0.981		0.591	I
OTU_26	0.36	0.52	0.843	0.197	0.212	0.170		0.529		0.914		0.560	B

Significant p values (< 0.05) are printed in bold. Effect sizes (partial η², range 0–1) are presented in brackets for p values < 0.1. Arrows indicate increase (↑) and decrease (↓) of abundance under the stressor condition compared to the non-stressor condition. Multivariate p values are for the Pillai’s Trace statistic. Interactions of combined stressors (C) were positive antagonistic (+ A), negative antagonistic (− A) or negative synergistic (− S). OTUs analyzed for both microhabitats are indicated by a bold underline, while OTUs being more exclusive to the leaf litter are indicated by a underline. N salinity, S fine sediment, V velocity, P response pattern

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