Table 5 Fact-sheets for certain biomarkers and bioassays

Biomarker

Metallothionein (MT)

ALA-D

Cytochrome P450 1A activity (EROD; CYP 1A activity)

DNA adducts

PAH metabolites

Liver histopathology (LH)

Macroscopic liver neoplasm (MLN)

Externally visible fish diseases

Reproductive success in eelpout

Vitellogenin

Intersex (in male fish)

Lysosomal stability

Imposex biomarkers

Micronucleus assay

Amphipod embryo alterations

Stress proteins (heat shock protein)

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) assay

Comet Assay

Mussel histopathology (gametogenesis)

Stress on stress

Scope for Growth (SFG)

Benthic diatom malformation

Bioassay

DR CALUX/DR Luc assay

PAH CALUX

ERα CALUX/ER-Luc (agonistic/antagonistic)

AR CALUX (agonistic/antagonistic)

YES

YAS

Ames fluctuation test

Micronucleus assay

Fish embryo acute toxicity (FET) test