Table 4 Spearman correlations between Cd, Hg, and Pb concentrations in moss and soil and environmental predictors

Moss

 Distance to sea (km)

0.11

−0.29

0.01

0.09

−0.22

−0.05

−0.03

−0.29

−0.11

0.06

−0.24

−0.07

0.00

−0.08

−0.15

 Elevation (m)

−0.01

−0.30

−0.09

−0.05

−0.14

−0.14

−0.15

−0.31

−0.19

−0.04

−0.22

−0.15

−0.12

−0.13

−0.22

 Precipitation (mm)

0.10

0.22

0.25

0.11

0.10

0.22

0.07

0.06

0.23

0.10

0.17

0.19

0.10

0.14

0.21

 Ratios agricultural land use 1 km (%)

0.04

0.05

0.07

0.08

0.08

0.12

0.09

0.11

0.11

0.06

0.21

0.12

0.09

0.12

0.13

 Ratios agricultural land use 5 km (%)

0.14

0.14

0.22

0.17

0.20

0.23

0.15

0.12

0.17

0.14

0.20

0.18

0.15

0.09

0.18

 Ratios forestal land use 1 km (%)

0.11

−0.13

0.13

0.18

−0.12

0.10

0.11

−0.06

0.07

0.15

−0.07

0.07

0.10

0.04

0.06

 Ratios forestal land use 5 km (%)

0.27

−0.09

0.28

0.33

−0.08

0.27

0.25

0.01

0.22

0.28

−0.01

0.22

0.25

0.09

0.21

 Ratios urban land use 1 km (%)

0.21

0.19

0.24

0.20

0.12

0.25

0.19

0.16

0.22

0.13

0.02

0.19

0.11

0.05

0.14

 Ratios urban land use 5 km (%)

0.27

0.25

0.35

0.27

0.21

0.36

0.28

0.14

0.31

0.34

0.06

0.35

0.32

0.12

0.34

Population density (residents/km²)

0.35

0.39

0.46

0.34

0.42

0.48

0.34

0.31

0.44

0.36

0.31

0.44

0.41

0.17

0.45

 Percentage clay in soil (%)

0.12

−0.08

0.05

0.12

−0.04

0.06

0.09

−0.08

0.03

0.19

−0.02

0.10

0.15

0.00

0.10

 Percentage silt in soil (%)

−0.15

0.07

−0.07

−0.15

0.03

−0.09

−0.08

0.02

−0.07

−0.12

0.01

−0.03

−0.10

−0.08

−0.05

 Percentage sand in soil (%)

0.15

−0.07

0.07

0.15

−0.03

0.09

0.08

−0.02

0.07

0.12

−0.01

0.04

0.10

0.08

0.05

 Total deposition Cd - 3-year sum (mg/m²/year)^a

0.62

0.68

0.63

0.61

0.73

 Total deposition Hg - 3-year sum (mg/m²/year)^a

0.46

0.43

0.33

0.33

0.26

 Total deposition Pb - 3-year sum (mg/m²/year)^a

0.81

0.82

0.78

0.69

0.72

Soil

 Distance to sea (km)

−0.02

−0.01

0.00

−0.08

0.03

 Elevation (m)

0.02

−0.06

0.07

−0.13

0.00

 Precipitation (mm)

0.18

0.27

0.18

−0.03

0.19

 Ratios agricultural land use 1 km (%)

−0.04

0.07

0.00

0.11

0.05

 Ratios agricultural land use 5 km (%)

−0.03

0.17

0.01

0.14

0.10

 Ratios forestal land use 1 km (%)

0.03

0.10

0.07

0.02

0.08

 Ratios forestal land use 5 km (%)

0.07

0.21

0.14

0.13

0.20

 Ratios urban land use 1 km (%)

0.12

0.21

0.02

0.08

0.08

 Ratios urban land use 5 km (%)

0.13

0.29

0.20

0.20

0.29

 Population density (inhabitants/km²)

0.23

0.45

0.25

0.28

0.40

 Percentage clay in soil (%)

−0.07

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.07

 Percentage silt in soil (%)

−0.02

−0.05

0.06

−0.03

−0.03

 Percentage sand in soil (%)

0.01

0.01

0.03

0.02

0.02

 Total deposition Cd - 3-year sum (mg/m²/year)^a

0.60

0.51

 Total deposition Hg - 3-year sum (mg/m²/year)^a

0.16

 Total deposition Pb - 3-year sum (mg/m²/year)^a

0.81

0.68