Effects of a realistic pesticide spraying sequence for apple crop on stream communities in mesocosms: negligible or notable?

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 3 Statistical analysis of drifting invertebrates for day and night drift catches (time) after three different application events

Date	Day of drift catches	Pesticide (class)	PERMANOVA			SIMPER		GLM
Date	Day of drift catches	Pesticide (class)		F value	P value	Taxon	Contribution%	Res.Dev	Treatment (t)	Time (d)	t × d
04-06-2015	55	Dithianon (F) / penconazole (F) / fenoxycarb (I)	Treatment (t)	0.86	0.53	Gammarus spp.	16.9	56.7^*	0.61	0.56	0.64
			Daytime (d)	4.47	0.002	Tanypodinae	13.8	9.1^*	0.22	< 0.001	0.96
			t × d	0.75	0.63	Orthocladiinae	11.6	54.5	0.41	0.022	0.18
15-06-2015	66	Sulphur (F) / dithianon (F) / spirotetramat (I)	Treatment (t)	0.89	0.50	Gammarus spp.	19.4	88.0^*	0.49	0.24	0.91
			Daytime (d)	2.17	0.06	Orthocladiinae	17.9	51.8^*	1.00	0.24	0.49
			t × d	0.09	0.99	Tanypodinae	10.1	14.1^*	1.00	0.13	0.50
02-07-2015	83	Sulphur (F) / dithianon (F) / pyrimethanil (F) / fluquinconazole (F)	Treatment (t)	2.76	0.03	Tanypodinae	14.7	808.9^*	0.22	0.006	0.73
			Daytime (d)	4.53	0.002	Gammarus spp.	12.9	67.4^*	0.41	0.27	0.98
			t × d	0.14	0.98	Baetidae	9.4	15.6^*	0.25	0.013	0.47

For taxon-specific analysis the three taxa with the highest contribution to the difference in the respective drifting community between control and treatment were selected. Bold letters indicate a significant effect (α level = 0.05); asterisk in column residual deviance (Res.Dev) indicate models where overdispersion was detected. Drift was measured on day 55, 66 and 83 of the experiment, day 0 being the day of first pesticide application