Fig. 1

Visualisation of results from generalized linear models for multivariate data (GLM_mv) of the community of A ion composition [i.e. water concentration of measured ions]; B periphyton [i.e. biovolume of identified periphyton taxa]; C benthic invertebrates [i.e. density of identified invertebrate taxa], and D emerging insects [i.e. density of identified taxa of emerging insects]. Open circles indicate sampling dates with significant differences (α = 0.05) in the treatment mesocosms from the controls. Grey circles indicate a level for a tendency to α = 0.1. Day 0 represents the day of the first application of a pesticide. Vertical dashed lines indicate the start (left) and the end (right) of the PPP application period