Optimization study of the adsorption of malachite green removal by MgO nano-composite, nano-bentonite and fungal immobilization on active carbon using response surface methodology and kinetic study

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 5 Kinetic parameters for the adsorption MG onto nano-bentonite, MgO impregnated clay and raw bentonite

Model	Kinetic parameter	Nano-benonite	MgO-clay	Raw benonite
Pseudo first-order	qe1 cal. (mg/g)	2.4	1.01	7.1
	K1 (min⁻¹)	0.08	6.5	0.09
	R²	0.975	0.91	0.86
	qe2 exp. (mg/g)	0.21	0.0035	49
Pseudo second-order	qe2 cal. (mg/g)	0.398	0.00001	50
	K2 (min⁻¹)	0.016	0.0036	0.01
	R²	0.996	0.999	0.98