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Table 4 The bonding strength data of PF resins

From: Synthesis and characterization of green phenolic resin with olive oil mill wastewater

Type of the PF resin

Pre-treatment 1

Pre-treatment 2

Pre-treatment 3

Meana

SDb

Scale strengthc

(N/mm2)

Meana

SDb

Scale

strengthc

(N/mm2)

Meana

SDb

Scale

strengthc

(N/mm2)

PF

12.5

0.64

 ≥ 10

8.8

1.27

 ≥ 7

6.1

2.41

 ≥ 4

PF10

12.0

0.72

 ≥ 10

8.2

1.66

 ≥ 7

5.3

1.65

 ≥ 4

PF20

11.6

1.10

 ≥ 10

7.5

1.48

 ≥ 7

4.6

1.56

 ≥ 4

PF30

10.9

1.55

 ≥ 10

6.1

1.54

 ≥ 7

4.1

2.78

 ≥ 4

PF40

8.6

1.74

 ≥ 10

3.2

1.86

 ≥ 7

2.9

2.52

 ≥ 4

  1. Pre-treatment 1 (Dry condition, Pre-treatment 2 (24-h submersion in water), Pre-treatment 3 (3-h boiling and then 24-h submersion in water)
  2. aEach value represents an average from 20 specimens
  3. bStandard deviation
  4. cRequirements for durability value (N/mm2)