Hazardous chemicals in non-polar extracts from paper and cardboard food packaging: an effect-based evaluation

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 2 Summarization of detailed information regarding the different endpoints

Endpoint	Reference compound Concentration	Cut-off (%)	Cell line
Androgen receptor
Agonism	Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) 0.001–1000 ρM	5	AR-EcoScreen GR-KO M1
Antagonism	Hydroxyflutamide (OHF) 0.0001–10 µM	70	AR-EcoScreen GR-KO M1
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor	2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) 0.01–1000 ρM	10	DR-EcoScreen
Estrogen receptor
Agonism	Estradiol (E2)^a 0.4–367 ρM	15	VM7Luc4E2
Antagonism	Raloxifene (Ral)^a 0.1–25 nM	70	VM7Luc4E2
MN test	N/A^b	Statistically significant (p-value < 0.05)	TK6
NFκB	Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) 0.2–50 ng/mL	10	HepG2-NFκB
Nrf2	tert-Butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) 0.8–25 µM	1.5^c	MCF7 AREc32

^aMethoxychlor and tamoxifen were used as positive controls for agonistic and antagonistic estrogen receptor activity, respectively
^bMMC was used as a positive control at concentrations 100 and 200 nM
^cThe cut-off is expressed as fold change for Nrf2