Fish health in the Nidda as an indicator for ecosystem integrity: a case study for Central European small streams in densely populated areas

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 5 Summary of biological responses depending on site or season for caged (CF) and field-captured (FF) fish

	Species	Histopathology				EROD activity		Micro-/binuclei
		Liver		Gills		Site	Season	Site	Season
		Site	Season	Site	Season	Site	Season	Site	Season
CF monitoring	O. mykiss	↓	–	X	–	↓	–	X	–
CF monitoring	O. mykiss	HC2				N2
FF monitoring	S. trutta f. fario	(↑)	(↑)	X	(↑)	X	↑	↑	↑
	S. trutta f. fario	N2	Autumn		Autumn		Spring	N2	Spring
	L. cephalus	(↑)	X	↑	X	X	X	X	X
	L. cephalus	N2		N2
	B. barbatula	(↑)	↑	X	X	X	X	X	X
	B. barbatula	N2, N3	Spring N3

Arrows indicate statistically significant differences with related sites or season (given in the line below the arrow).↑ depicts increased effects (histopathology) or values (EROD activity, micro-/binuclei), ↓ depicts less effects (histopathology) or decreased values (EROD activity, micro-/binuclei). Arrows in parenthesis indicate statically insignificant tendencies, whereas “X” indicates no differences. “–” is noted if a comparison is not applicable