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Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 3 List of suggested amendments (black) to the original (gray or crossed out) values in the VMP guideline Table 3 [22], modified with recent data considering the N-reduced feeding strategies

From: Critical discussion of the current environmental risk assessment (ERA) of veterinary medicinal products (VMPs) in the European Union, considering changes in animal husbandry

Animal type

Number of animals raised per place per year

Average body weight (kg)

Nitrogen produced per year per place (kg N y−1)

Housing factor

Pasture-to-stable ratio

VMP-GLa

Chamber of Agriculture NRWb

Authors’ suggestion for updated values

Calf (0–6 months)

2

150

10

22

16

1

 < 1

Dairy cow

1

550

60

91

75.5

0.5

 < 1

Cattle ( > 0.5 y)

1

300

28

70

49

0.5

1

Weaner pig (to 25 kg)

6.9

13.2

2.25

3.8

3.0

1

1

Fattening pig (25–125 kg)

3

65

7.5

12.2

9.9

1

1

Sow (with litter)

1

280

26

27.3

26.7

1

1

Boar (25–125 kg)

1

65

–

22.1c

22.1c

1

1

Broiler

9

1

0.23

0.39

0.3

1

1

Laying hen

1

1.6

0.35

0.76

0.56

1

 < 1

Replacement layer

2.6

0.8

0.24

0.27

0.26

1

1

Broiler breeder

1

1.7

0.69

 

0.69

1

1

Turkey

2.7

6.5

0.9

1.34

1.12

1

1

Duck

7

1.6

0.41

0.61

0.51

1

 < 1

Horse

1

400

35

53.6

44.3

0.5

 < 1

Dairy goat

1

40

–

15.2d

15.2

1

 < 1

Dairy sheep

1

70e

–

20.1f

20.1

1

 < 1

Rabbit

8

1.4

0.352

0.7

0.53

1

1

  1. aVMP guideline [22]
  2. bData were obtained from the Chamber of Agriculture of North Rhine-Westphalia [29] unless indicated otherwise
  3. cData were taken from [108,109,110,111]
  4. dData were taken from [112]
  5. eData were taken from Liesegang et al. 2007 [113]
  6. fData were obtained from the Chamber of Agriculture of Lower Saxony [114]
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