From: Natural toxins: environmental contaminants calling for attention
Toxin | Toxin class | Organism (example) | Max tissue conc.a mg/g DW | Log Kowb L/L | Mode of toxicity | LD50c mg/kg |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amanitin | Cyclo-peptide | Amanita phylloides | 3 | < 0 | Hepatotoxin | 0.3 |
Ricin | Protein (lectin) | Ricinus communis | 32 | – | Cytotoxin | 0.02 |
Senecionine | Alkaloid | Jacobaea vulgaris | 7 | 1.90 | Hepatotoxic, potential carcinogen | 50 |
Coniin | Alkaloid | Conium maculatum | 4 | 2.6est | Neurotoxin | 8 |
Solanine | Glycoalkaloid | Solanum tuberosum | 1 | 2.0est | Cell membrane disruption | 30 |
Formononetin | Isoflavone | Trifolium pratense | 15 | 2.8est | Estrogenic activity | – |
Linamarin | Cyanogenic glycoside | Manihot esculenta | 30 | − 1.4est | Cyanide poisoning | 1 (HCN) |
Ptaquiloside | Terpenoide glycoside | Pteridium aquilinum | 15 | − 0.6 | Carcinogen | – |
Microcystin LR | Cyclo-peptide | Microcystis aeruginosa | 13 | − 1.2 (pH 7) | Hepatotoxin | 0.06 |
Saxitoxin | Alkaloid | Dolichospermum circinale | 4.5 | − 2.4est | Neurotoxin | 0.01 |