Fig. 1

Plastic waste entering the oceans in 2019. Breakdown of data similar to the scheme by Jambeck et al. (https://jambeck.engr.uga.edu/landplasticinput). Data for 2019 from Borrelle et al. [10]. Global plastic production for 2019 from Plastics Europe [93]. Amount of mismanaged plastic waste from Lebreton and Andrady [63], scenario B. Amount of plastic floating on the surface of the oceans from Eriksen et al. [27] and Van Sebille et al. [108]; amount of plastic entering the Arctic from Zarfl and Matthies [136], see below, section on Mass balance of chemicals additives that can reach remote regions. Mt: million tonnes