Table 1 Characteristics of HFMC [25]

Membrane material

Polypropylene

Fiber ID/OD (µm)

240/300

Membrane thickness (µm)

30

Membrane porosity (%)

40

Effective fiber length (m)

0.16

Number of fibers (-)

10,200

Effective membrane surface area (m²)

1.4

Specific surface area of the membrane module (m² m⁻³)

2000

Effective pore size (µm)

0.04