Skip to main content
Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 2 Pre-treatment period: earthworm activity in pots that were assigned to weed control type (WCT: glyphosate-based herbicides, active ingredients, or hand weeding as control) at two soil organic matter levels (SOM)

From: Effects of glyphosate-based herbicides and their active ingredients on earthworms, water infiltration and glyphosate leaching are influenced by soil properties

Factors

Mean cast numbers

(no. pot−1)

Mean cast mass

(g pot−1)

Mean surface activity

(toothpick index)

Df

LR Χ2

Pr (> Χ2)

Df

F value

Pr (> F)

Df

LR Χ2

Pr (> Χ2)

Weed control type

2

1.021

0.600

2

1.429

0.241

2

0.264

0.876

SOM

1

0.138

0.710

1

0.089

0.766

1

0.357

0.550

Covar. time

1

0.215

0.643

1

24.727

 < 0.001

1

7.690

0.006

Covar. soil moist. (%)

1

0.092

0.761

1

0.953

0.330

1

0.213

0.644

Covar. soil temp. (°C)

1

17.163

 < 0.001

1

25.075

 < 0.001

1

0.688

0.407

Covar soil cond. (mS m−1)

1

0.198

0.657

1

0.649

0.421

1

0.592

0.442

WCT x SOM

2

0.092

0.955

2

0.311

0.733

2

0.133

0.936

Residuals

NA

  

261

  

NA

  
  1. GLMs/analysis of deviance was used for cast numbers and surface activity, LM/ANOVA for cast mass; time period (4 weeks), soil moisture, temperature and electrical conductivity was used as covariates. Significant treatment effects are indicated in bold. NA not applicable. No multiple comparisons were made because of lacking main effects
Back to article page