Table 2 The negative Log-likelihood values (LL), and parameters derived from fitting mobility of daphnids exposed to individual alkaloids and an alkaloid plant extract daily over 96 h to a GUTS-RED-IT model are given together with derived EC50 values asfter 48 h (standard timeframe for toxicity on D. magna) and 96 h
From: Toxicity and risk of plant-produced alkaloids to Daphnia magna
|  | LL | kD_IT/d | mw_IT mg/L | β | 48 h EC50 mg/L | 96 h EC50 mg/L |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gramine | 106.6 | 0.411 (0.090–0.721) | 3.37 (1.13–4.49) | 3.07 (2.11–5.70) | 6.03 (5.18–7.49) | 4.19 (3.41–4.95) |
Heliotrine |  | NA | NA | NA | > 100 | > 100 |
Lupanine | 80 | 0.0016 (0.0016a–0.173) | 0.419 (0.322–33.7) | 4.89 (3.02–10.0) | 128 (96–185) | 64 (48–93) |
Lupinine | 27.9 | 0.698 (0.002a–1.46) | 117 (0.92–160a) | 5.10 (2.36–20a) | 156 (95–703) | 125 (82–394) |
Monocrotaline | 37.9 | 0.421 (0.158–0.776) | 22.4 (11.0–32.0) | 2.26 (1.74–3.49) | 39.4 (32.7–47.1) | 27.5 (21.9–34.7) |
Monocrotaline N-oxide | 3.97 | 0.613 (0.42–6.11) | 44.0 (4.05–96.8) | 1.05 (1.05a–2.28) | 62.2 (40.1–96.7) | 48.1 (25.8–96.7) |
Senecionine | 26.3 | 0.969 (0.501–1.64) | 45.8 (31.6–62.7) | 2.85 (2.03–5.15) | 53.6 (41.6–68.9) | 46.8 (34.7–63.7) |
Sparteine | 77.3 | 0.0016 (0.0016a–0.205) | 0.0937 (0.0632–9.77) | 5.57 (3.12–20a) | 28.6 (18.8–40.9) | 14.3 (9.4–20.7) |
Plant extract | 145 | 0.0016 (0.0016a–0.137) | 0.0056 (0.0043–0.421) | 3.91 (2.63–7.01) | 1.72 (1.30–2.14) | 0.86 (0.65–1.09) |