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Table 2 Biochemical biomarkers in brown trout larvae exposed to venlafaxine

From: Biochemical and cellular biomarkers in brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) in response to the antidepressants citalopram and venlafaxine

Concentration venlafaxine (µg/L)

11 °C

7 °C

0

1

10

100

1000

0

1

10

100

1000

AChE activity (mU/mg Protein)

63.0 ± 8.0

64.4 ± 11.1

59.9 ± 16.5

61.6 ± 16.4

57.1 ± 14.5

70.8 ± 14.8

71.0 ± 11.0

71.5 ± 15.1

69.3 ± 15.9

64.1 ± 12.0

CbE activity (NPA substrate) (mU/mg Protein)

141.8 ± 23.3

146.5 ± 26.6

143.2 ± 27.9

130.2 ± 29.6

129.9 ± 22.9

142.3 ± 22.4

145.5 ± 22.9

143.8 ± 19.5

139.5 ± 16.0

135.5 ± 23.9

CbE activity (NPV substrate) (mU/mg Protein)

104.2 ± 28.9

108.2 ± 28.0

105.1 ± 32.8

94.5 ± 36.9

93.0 ± 22.9

92.2 ± 23.7

92.8 ± 20.1

90.1 ± 19.4

85.2 ± 13.7

84.2 ± 20.1

SOD activity (U/mL)

166.0 ± 29.3

149.3 ± 31.7

148.2 ± 40.4

158.8 ± 51.6

161.1 ± 29.3

133.9 ± 37.5

140.2 ± 37.1

158.2 ± 36.0 *

165.6 ± 36.1 **

155.7 ± 34.9

  1. Results are given as arithmetic means and standard deviations
  2. AChE acetylcholinesterase, CbE carboxylesterase, NPA 4-nitrophenylacetate, NPV 4-nitrophenylvalerate, SOD superoxide dismutase
  3. Asterisks represent significant differences to the respective control (*p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001)