Quantifying the streamflow response to groundwater abstractions for irrigation or drinking water at catchment scale using SWAT and SWAT–MODFLOW

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 5 Performance statistics indices for daily runoff at the outlets of subbasin 13 and subbasin 18 during the calibration (2001–2008) and validation (2009–2015, in brackets) periods by SWAT, SWAT–MODFLOW without PEST calibration, and SWAT–MODFLOW with PEST calibration

Outlets	Used models	R²	NSE	P_BIAS
Subbasin 13 outlet	SWAT	0.67 (0.53)	0.66 (0.50)	− 3.9 (5.9)
	SWAT–MODFLOW without PEST calibration	0.75 (0.60)	0.72 (0.51)	− 6.9 (1.7)
	SWAT–MODFLOW with PEST calibration	0.78 (0.61)	0.78 (0.54)	1.9 (9.4)
Subbasin 18 outlet	SWAT	0.74 (0.53)	0.74 (0.47)	2.0 (12.4)
	SWAT–MODFLOW without PEST calibration	0.79 (0.57)	0.77 (0.46)	1.0 (11.0)
	SWAT–MODFLOW with PEST calibration	0.82 (0.60)	0.81 (0.53)	3.3 (13.1)