A new method to assess the acute toxicity toward honeybees of the abrasion particles generated from seeds coated with insecticides

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 1 Comparison of the abrasion potential of seeds coated with different insecticides and the optimized condition used for honeybee exposure experiments

Seed-coating insecticide	Year of production	Active principle	Abrasion potential		Condition used for honeybee exposure
Seed-coating insecticide	Year of production	Active principle	Particulate matter mass (mg)	Insecticide mass (mg)	Number of seeds	Mixing time (min)	Concentration ± SD^b (µg/m³)
Poncho^®	2010	Clothianidin	2.83 ± 0.13	1.30 ± 0.30	6	15	767 ± 117
Poncho^®	2010	Clothianidin	2.83 ± 0.13	1.30 ± 0.30	3	30	142 ± 32
Mesurol^®	2014	Methiocarb	0.31 ± 0.02	0.137 ± 0.006	6	5	167 ± 52
Sonido^®	2014	Thiacloprid	< 0.1^a	(1.02 ± 0.93)·10⁻³	60	100	8562 ± 848

For clothianidin, two different settings were used in order to apply high and low doses
^aInsufficient particulate matter mass for an accurate gravimetric quantification
^bAverage insecticide concentration in the airflow ± standard deviation