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Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 1 Fuel consumption declared and measured from the laboratory (WLTP and NEDC) and on-road tests (PEMS)

From: Understanding the origins and variability of the fuel consumption gap: lessons learned from laboratory tests and a real-driving campaign

Test

Fuel consumption (l/100 km) (FC gapa (%))

Combined

Phase 1b

Phase 2c

Phase 3d

Phase 4e

Declared (NEDC)

5.5

6.5

4.9

  

NEDC-cold

5.9 (8%)

7.5 (37%)

5.0 (− 8%)

  

WLTP-cold

6.1 (10%)

8.0 (45%)

5.7 (4%)

4.7 (− 15%)

6.7 (22%)

PEMS

7.2 (31%)

8.1 (47%)

5.3 (− 3%)

7.8 (42%)

 
  1. aDifference (%) in FC compared to the official FC on the combined NEDC; bPhase 1 FC: in NEDC is urban driving cycle (UDC) FC; in WLTP is low-speed phase FC; in RDE is urban phase FC; cPhase 2 FC: in NEDC is extra-urban driving cycle (EUDC) FC; in WLTP is medium-speed phase FC; in RDE is rural phase FC; dPhase 3 FC: in WLTP is high-speed phase FC; in RDE is motorway phase FC; ePhase 4 FC: in WLTP is extra-high-speed phase FC
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