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Fig. 2 | Environmental Sciences Europe

Fig. 2

From: The activation of antioxidant and apoptosis pathways involved in damage of human proximal tubule epithelial cells by PM2.5 exposure

Fig. 2

PM2.5 induces DNA and mitochondria damage in HK-2 cells. a Nuclear changes of HK-2 cells were detected following staining with a DNA-binding fluorochrome, Hoechst 33342. The apoptotic bodies or chromatin condensation was marked with red arrows. b Ultrastructural analysis in PM2.5 (400 μg/mL)-treated HK-2 cells. Black arrows indicate mitochondria. c JC-1 red/green fluorescence intensity ratio was used to express the changes of MMP. Decreased ratio indicated a decrease in MMP

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