Fig. 1

Mercury trade, consumption, and emissions in India. a Import of mercury and its compounds, and items containing mercury in India during the last two decades (according to the data available from the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Department of Commerce, Government of India). Green: total import of mercury and its compounds (in tonnes); blue line: total import of vapor lamps containing mercury (in thousands). b Estimated mercury consumption in different sectors in India. There are two different values of estimated consumption of mercury in the ASGM sector, the one displayed in dark orange is from the study conducted by AMAP/UNEP and the other displayed in light orange color is from the study by Deb, 2016 [10, 13]. c Proportion of sector-wise estimated mercury emissions in India