Hazard grouping of nanomaterials for daphnia and algae toxicity: lessons learned from scientific projects for regulatory applicability

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 1 Comparison of solubility, agglomeration size, and EC₅₀ of different (nano)forms of silver (algae—left part of the table and daphnia—right part of the table)

	Primary particle size (nm)	Solubility in OECD medium (72 h) µg/l	Solubility in OECD medium (72 h) %^d	Agglomeration size (nm)	OECD TG 201 (72 h) with R. subcapitata		Solubility in ADaM medium (72 h) µg/l	Solubility in ADaM medium (72 h) %^d	Agglomeration size (nm)	OECD TG 202 (48 h) with D. magna EC₅₀ (nominal)
	Primary particle size (nm)	Solubility in OECD medium (72 h) µg/l	Solubility in OECD medium (72 h) %^d	Agglomeration size (nm)	EC₅₀ (nominal)	EC₅₀ (measured)	Solubility in ADaM medium (72 h) µg/l	Solubility in ADaM medium (72 h) %^d	Agglomeration size (nm)	OECD TG 202 (48 h) with D. magna EC₅₀ (nominal)
Nanowire batch 1340^a	3797 × 44	849 ± 263	< 0.01	1354 ± 41	22 µg/l	3.5 µg/l	1500 ± 245	0.02 ± 0.00	1382 ± 57	1.6 µg/l
Wire 110525^a	2423 × 241	38 ± 12	< 0.01	4531 ± 2355	2370 µg/l	640 µg/l	12 ± 9	< 0.01	9023 ± 688	8.5 µg/l
NM300K (spherical)^a	15	453,333 ± 170,392	4.5 ± 1.7	146 ± 95	62 µg/l (12 µg/l^b,c)	23 µg/l (81 µg/l^b,c)	466,333 ± 123,423	4.6 ± 1.2	257 ± 40	45 µg/l^b
AgNO3^b	Ionic	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	3 µg/l^c	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	5 µg/l

^aPublished in [8]
^bPublished in [14]
^cD. subspicatus
^dCompared to total amount included (1 g/l for batch 1340 and 110525, 10 mg/l for NM300K)