Table 1 Findings of PFC in aqueous samples
Matrix | Number of measurements (n) | Substancesa | Concentration rangeb (ng/L) | Literature |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Effluent/landfill leachate | 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 | PFBA PFPeA PFHxA PFHpA PFOA PFNA PFBS PFHxS PFOS | < LOQ—45,917 < LOQ—1781 < LOQ—4256 < LOQ—961 < LOQ—3260 < LOQ—211 < LOQ—17,686 < LOQ—537 < LOQ—1830 | [88] |
Surface water Ruhr area | 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 | PFBA PFPeA PFHxA PFHpA PFOA PFBS PFOS | < LOQ—143 < LOQ—1638 < LOQ—1248 < LOQ—148 < LOQ—3640 < LOQ—71.0 < LOQ—193 | [89] |
Surface water River Rhine and selected tributaries | 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 | PFBA PFPeA PFHxA PFHpA PFOA PFBS PFOS | < LOQ—3.0 < LOQ—42.0 < LOQ—77.0 < LOQ—11.0 < LOQ—48.0 < LOQ—46.0 < LOQ—152 | [89] |
Ground water | 2057 2057 2057 2057 2057 2057 2057 2057 2057 | PFBA PFPeA PFHxA PFHpA PFOA PFNA PFBS PFHxS PFOS | < LOQ—52.0 < LOQ—47.0 < LOQ—95.0 < LOQ—57.0 < LOQ—67.0 < LOQ—18.0 < LOQ—58.0 < LOQ—150 < LOQ—180 | [90] |
Drinking water | 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 | PFBA PFPeA PFHxA PFHpA PFOA PFNA PFBS PFHxS PFOS | < LOQ—4.4 < LOQ—5.2 < LOQ—6.4 < LOQ—1.5 < LOQ—6.1 < LOQ—1.4 < LOQ—5.8 < LOQ—12.1 < LOQ—4.7 | [91] |