|
Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)
|
USA
|
No
|
n.i.
|
Yes
|
Confirmed by several publications
|
Very likely to persist and invade because bentgrass shows invasive potential
|
[5–9]
|
|
Black poplar (Populus nigra)
|
China
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
n.i.
|
Conclusive studies still missing
|
Only very few investigations about potential gene flow into wild poplar
|
[50, 51], overview in [52]
|
|
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
|
Mexico
|
Yes
|
n.i.
|
Yes
|
Pilot study
|
Very likely to persist because of gene flow into wild relatives
|
[16]
|
|
Maize/corn (Zea mays)
|
Mexico
|
No
|
Yes
|
n.i.
|
Confirmed by several publications
|
Persistence very likely because of informal seed exchange and the gene flow between fields
|
[3, 4, 38–41]
|
|
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus)
|
Australia
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Conclusive studies still missing
|
No conclusive publications
|
[43, 44]
|
|
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus)
|
Canada
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Confirmed by several publications
|
Persistence and further spread very likely because of confirmed gene flow to related species
|
[23–26, 30–32]
|
|
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus)
|
Europe
|
No
|
n.i.
|
Yes
|
Relevant studies are mostly missing
|
No information about crosses into wild relatives yet
|
[45–47]
|
|
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus)
|
Japan
|
No
|
No
|
Yes
|
Confirmed in several publications
|
Gene flow into related species likely to have occurred
|
[27–29, 34–36]
|
|
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus)
|
USA
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Pilot study
|
No information about crosses into wild relatives. Unnoticed gene flow with wild species is likely.
|
[42]
|
|
Papaya (Carica papaya)
|
Thailand
|
No
|
Yes
|
n.i.
|
Conclusive studies still missing
|
Gene flow into de-domesticated papaya could cause persistence
|
[53]
|
|
Rice (Oryza sativa)
|
China
|
No
|
Yes
|
n.i.
|
Conclusive studies still missing
|
Persistence is likely due to informal seed exchange and gene flow with weedy rice
|
[48, 49]
|
