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Table 2 Summary of isolation distances based on mean versus high cross-pollination where applicable to non-GM or organic crop production as well as GM field trials and non-GM seed production (X)

From: A case study of GM maize gene flow in South Africa

% GM threshold

<1.0 to 0.1

<0.1 to 0.01

<0.01 to 0.001

Distance range (m)

14-45 (mean) a 36-135 (high) b

45-145 (mean) 135-503 (high)

145-473 (mean) 503-1869 (high)

Non-GMc

X

X

X

Organicc

X

X

X

GM field trials

  

X

Non-GM seed production

  

X

  1. aIsolation distances based on mean cross-pollination; bisolation distances based on high cross-pollination; crequired % threshold may differ between different coexistence systems.