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Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 6 Aquatic toxicity of combination products with fungicides that inhibit different enzymes in the ergosterol biosynthesis

From: Predicting the aquatic toxicity of commercial pesticide mixtures

 

Algal growth inhibition

Acute toxicity to Daphnia

Acute toxicity to fish

Fenpropidin (0.600) and Tebuconazole (0.200) and Propiconazole (0.200)

EC50: 0.000088

MDR: 107.8

EC50: 4.39

MDR: 1.70

LC50: 1.82

MDR: 1.80

Fenpropidin (0.783) and Propiconazole (0.217)

EC50: 0.00019

MDR: 37.9

EC50: 4.46

MDR: 1.51

LC50: 1.92

MDR: 1.83

Fenpropidin (0.789) and Difenoconazole (0.211)

EC50: 0.00016

MDR: 45.6

EC50: 2.97

MDR: 0.84

LC50: 1.24

MDR: 1.60

Fenpropimorph (0.749) and Epoxiconazole (0.251)

EC50: 1.68

MDR: > 2.0

EC50: 1.44

MDR: 1.91

LC50: 0.720

MDR: 6.04

Fenpropimorph (0.577) and Epoxiconazole (0.116) and Pyraclostrobin (0.307)

EC50: 0.107

MDR: 2.41

EC50: 0.048

MDR: 1.05

LC50: 0.028

MDR: 0.75

Fenpropimorph (0.375) and Epoxiconazole (0.313) and Kresoxim-methyl (0.313)

EC50: 0.024

MDR: 6.48

EC50: 0.168

MDR: 3.16

LC50: 0.665

MDR: 0.74

Fenpropimorph (0.656) and Epoxiconazole (0.172) and Kresoxim-methyl (0.172)

EC50: 0.050

MDR: 4.08

EC50: 0.385

MDR: 2.10

LC50: 1.55

MDR: 0.53

Fenpropimorph (0.555), Epoxiconazole (0.148), Kresoxim-methyl (0.148), Quinoxyfen (0.148)

EC50: 0.005

MDR: 22.3

EC50: 0.260

MDR: 1.32

LC50: 2.01

MDR: 0.31

Fenpropimorph (0.593) and Epoxiconazole (0.185) and Metrafenone (0.222)

EC50: 0.161

MDR: 2.73

EC50: 1.93

MDR: > 0.98

LC50: 2.33

MDR: > 0.96

Spiroxamine (0.652) and Prothioconazole (0.348)

EC50: 0.007

MDR: 1.18

EC50: 2.96

MDR: 0.90

LC50: 3.08

MDR: 1.44

Spiroxamine (0.653) and Tebuconazole (0.347)

EC50: 0.009

MDR: 0.53

EC50: 3.67

MDR: 2.00

LC50: 3.81

MDR: 2.93

Fenpropidin (G2)

0.0057

6.15

2.57 (3.25)a

Fenpropimorph (G2)

16.8 (0.327)a

2.24

5.0

Spiroxamine (G2)

0.005 (0.003)a

6.1

18.5

Tebuconazole (G1)

1.96

11.8

6.4

Propiconazole (G1)

0.6

10.2

4.9

Difenoconazole (G1)

1.2

0.77

0.81

Epoxiconazole (G1)

> 1 (1.19)a

8.69

3.14

Pyraclostrobin (C3)

0.152

0.016

0.065

Kresoxim-methyl (C)

0.063

0.186

168.0

Quinoxyfen (E1)

0.0031

0.08

0.27

Metrafenone (U)

0.711

> 0.92

> 0.82

Prothioconazole (G1)

1.1

1.3

1.83

  1. Given are E(L)C50 values in relation to the summed concentration of the a.s. in the product (milligrams of the sum of a.s. per liter) of 11 fungicidal combination products (based on the data set "most similar endpoints"). In addition, the toxicity of the active substances (EC50 in milligrams of a.s. per liter) contained in these products is provided as well as their fungicidal mode of action (in parentheses) according to FRAC [17]: G2, inhibitor of Δ14-reductase and Δ8 to Δ7-isomerase in the ergosterol biosynthesis; G1, inhibitor of C14-demethylase in the ergosterol biosynthesis; C3, inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration; E1, growth signal disruptor; U, inhibitor of sporulation or mycelium development. n.a. no data available for product. aValues from different tests (e.g., EC50 based on growth rate or biomass) selected for different products.
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