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Table 3 Overview of object digitalization of the map data basis

From: Evaluation of the high-energy flood of mid-July 2021 as a morphologic driver in the anthropogenically developed Ahr Valley, Germany, in interaction with infrastructures

Analysis

Object

Criterion

Applied to…(cf. Table 2)

Lateral Mobility Index (LMI)

(cf. Fig. 4)

Riverbanks/ surface area of river section as polygons

Visible embankment, vegetated and dry, or confining rock or artificial structure. If embankment is not visible due to tree canopies, the riverbank position was estimated

Historic hand-sketched maps and all DOP

Impacts

 

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Bridges and bridge piers

Outlines of bridges crossing the river or outlines of piers at the location of former bridges within the riverbed or on the embankment

DOPs 2019, Jul 2021, Sept 2021, and Jun 2022

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Other man-made structures

Outlines of buildings, streets, concrete structures, walls, paved areas within flooded area of July 2021

DOPs 2019, Jul 2021, Sept 2021, and Jun 2022

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Trees

Outlines of uprooted roots and branches. Overlapping trees are digitalized as cluster

DOPs 2019, Jul 2021, Sept 2021, and Jun 2022

Structures

 

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Mud deposits

Discoloration in the riverbed showing mud accumulation. Distinguished from shoals by their color

DOPs 2019, Jul 2021, Sept 2021 and Jun 2022

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Stagnant water pools

Water-filled pits with a clear separation from the main channel by a small stripe of land or debris accumulation. Water-filled pits on the floodplain within the flooded area of July 2021

DOPs 2019, Jul 2021, Sept 2021, and Jun 2022

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Shoals

Accumulations of sand and gravel. Areas are distinguished from islands and riverbanks by the lack of vegetation

DOPs 2019, Jul 2021, Sept 2021, and Jun 2022

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Artificial deposits and rip-rap

Rock deposits for riverbank stabilization, or floodplain extension by deposits in the riverbed

DOPs 2019, Jul 2021, Sept 2021, and Jun 2022

  1. Objects were digitalized according to the described criteria. DEM: [53], DOP: [63]