Glyphosate- and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA)-induced mortality and residues in juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) exposed at different temperatures

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 2 Real concentration of glyphosate and AMPA in water in the exposure experiments 1–3

Treatment group	Nominal concentration in µg/l	Real concentration at the beginning in µg/l		Real concentration at the end in µg/l
Treatment group	Nominal concentration in µg/l	Glyphosate	AMPA	Glyphosate	AMPA
First experiment
Control	0	0.12 ± 0.06^a,b	< DL	0.1 ± 0.05^a,b	< DL
56 µg/l glyphosate	56	88 ± 44^a	< DL	56 ± 28^a	0.18 ± 0.09^a
560 µg/l glyphosate	560	550 ± 270^a	0.26 ± 0.13^a	610 ± 300^a	0.80 ± 0.40^a
5600 µg/l glyphosate	5600	6000 ± 3000^a	1.6 ± 0.8^a	6200 ± 3100^a	21 ± 10^a
3666 µg/l AMPA	3666	23 ± 11^a	4300 ± 2100^a	19 ± 9.50^a	4400 ± 2200^a
5600 µg/l glyphosate in Roundup®	5600	6400 ± 3200^a	28 ± 14^a	4100 ± 2000^a	27 ± 13^a
Second experiment
Control	0	< DL	< DL	< DL	0.1 ± 0.05^a,b
Control + PEP	0	< DL	< DL	0.15 ± 0.075^a,b	0.31 ± 0.16^a,b
5600 µg/l glyphosate	5600	4700 ± 2400^a	< DL	5400 ± 2700^a	< DL
5600 µg/l glyphosate + PEP	5600	4700 ± 2400^a	< DL	5600 ± 2800^a	< DL
3666 µg/l AMPA	3666	57 ± 29^a	3600 ± 1800^a	86 ± 43^a	3800 ± 1900^a
3666 µg/l AMPA + PEP	3666	< DL	3800 ± 1900^a	1200 ± 620^a	3700 ± 1900^a
Third experiment
Control	0	< DL	< DL	< DL	< DL
56 µg/l glyphosate	56	57 ± 29^a	< DL	50 ± 25^a	< DL
560 µg/l glyphosate	560	570 ± 290^a	< DL	470 ± 240^a	< DL
5600 µg/l glyphosate	5600	5500 ± 2800^a	< DL	5400 ± 2700^a	< DL
3666 µg/l AMPA	3666	< DL	3800 ± 1900^a	< DL	3900 ± 2000^a
5600 µg/l glyphosate in Roundup®	5600	5700 ± 2900^a	< DL	5100 ± 2600^a	< DL

Information on the nominal and real concentration of glyphosate and AMPA in water at the beginning and the end of the exposure experiments 1–3. The results for glyphosate and AMPA concentrations are reported as concentrations in µg/l along with a generally anticipated and accepted measurement uncertainty of 50%
^aWhich is common in pesticide residue analysis (according to SANTE/11813/2017 [70])
^bGlyphosate/AMPA measured in the control group, most likely because a small amount of glyphosate accidentally entered the control aquaria during water exchange. < DL below detection limit (= 0.05 µg/l)