Fig. 1
From: Long-term trends in stream benthic macroinvertebrate communities are driven by chemicals
Taxonomic composition (a, b) and trait composition (c, d) in spring and summer seasons from 2007 to 2021. Dots represent the community composition of each year, with closer dots indicating more similar communities. Change directions in communities over time are described by arrows, connecting the mean values of dots from the first 3 years to the last 3 years within a site. The degree of community change over time at each site is represented by the size of the convex hull. Sites with significant changes over time in community composition (p < 0.05) are marked in bold. Information of traits and species at study sites are shown in Additional file 1: Table S1, Additional file 10: Figure S1, Additional file 11: Figure S2