Table 1 Characteristics of the study population
Variable | Overall (n = 3951) | Survivors (n = 3609) | Non-survivors (n = 342) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 48.6 (18.5) | 46.7 (17.8) | 68.2 (13.7) | < 0.001 |
Male, % | 1898 (48.0) | 1701 (47.1) | 197 (57.6) | < 0.001 |
Race, % | < 0.001 | |||
Non-Hispanic white | 1847 (46.7) | 1649 (45.7) | 198 (57.9) | |
Non-Hispanic black | 761 (19.3) | 692 (19.2) | 69 (20.2) | |
Mexican American | 724 (18.3) | 687 (19.0) | 37 (10.8) | |
Others | 619 (15.7) | 581 (16.1) | 38 (11.1) | |
Education, % | < 0.001 | |||
Less than high school | 1176 (29.8) | 1043 (28.9) | 133 (38.9) | |
High school or equivalent | 896 (22.7) | 812 (22.5) | 84 (24.6) | |
College or above | 1879 (47.6) | 1754 (48.6) | 125 (36.5) | |
Poverty-income ratio, % | < 0.001 | |||
< 1 | 901 (22.8) | 815 (22.6) | 86 (25.1) | |
1 ~ 3 | 1671 (42.3) | 1486 (41.2) | 185 (54.1) | |
> 3 | 1379 (34.9) | 1308 (36.2) | 71 (20.8) | |
BMI, kg/m2 | 28.9 (6.8) | 28.9 (6.8) | 28.9 (6.9) | 0.876 |
Drinker (%) | 2268 (57.4) | 2086 (57.8) | 182 (53.2) | 0.114 |
Smoker, % | < 0.001 | |||
Never | 2782 (70.4) | 2564 (71.0) | 218 (63.7) | |
Past | 192 (4.9) | 183 (5.1) | 9 (2.6) | |
Current | 977 (24.7) | 862 (23.9) | 115 (33.6) | |
Activity, % | 0.002 | |||
Inactive | 1076 (27.2) | 966 (26.8) | 110 (32.2) | |
Moderate | 1669 (42.2) | 1514 (42.0) | 155 (45.3) | |
Vigorous | 1206 (30.5) | 1129 (31.3) | 77 (22.5) | |
Hypertension, % | 722 (18.3) | 600 (16.6) | 122 (35.7) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes, % | 609 (15.4) | 479 (13.3) | 130 (38.0) | < 0.001 |
CVD, % | 399 (10.1) | 283 (7.8) | 116 (33.9) | < 0.001 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 125.2 (80.1) | 126.8 (81.2) | 107.9 (64.1) | < 0.001 |
TCPY, μg/L | 1.79 (1.93) | 1.76 (1.91) | 2.09 (2.15) | 0.003 |