Fig. 5

Lithium controls human cardiomyocytes by Gsk3β signaling. a Western blot analyses of the protein levels of TP53 in AC16 cells treated with control, 5 mmol/L LiCl and 2.5 mmol/L Li₂SO₄ for 48 h. b Statistical analyses of the protein levels of TP53 in a. The data are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 3). ***p < 0.001. c Western blot analyses of the protein levels of Cyclin E in AC16 cells treated with control, 5 mmol/L LiCl and 2.5 mmol/L Li₂SO₄ for 48 h. d Statistical analyses of the protein levels of Cyclin E in c. The data are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 3). ***p < 0.001. e Western blot analyses of the protein levels of Gsk3β and phosphorylated Gsk3β (P-Ser9) in AC16 cells treated with control, 5 mmol/L LiCl and 2.5 mmol/L Li₂SO₄ for 48 h. f Statistical analyses of the protein levels of Gsk3β and phosphorylated Gsk3β (P-Ser9) in e. The data are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 3). ***p < 0.001