Results of extended plant tests using more realistic exposure scenarios for improving environmental risk assessment of veterinary pharmaceuticals

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 8 Toxicity of tylosin tartrate (mg/kg soil dry mass) toward six plant species assessed in standard plant tests

Species	A. cepa	A. sativa	B. napus	S. lycopersicum	P. vulgaris	T. pratense
Emergence
NOEC	≥250	≥800	≥144	≥144	≥800	≥83.3
EC₁₀	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
EC₁₀	(–)	(–)	(–)	(–)	(–)	(–)
EC₅₀	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
EC₅₀	(–)	(–)	(–)	(–)	(–)	(–)
Post-emergence survival
NOEC	83.3	≥800	83.3	≥144	≥800	48.1
EC₁₀	71.2	n.d.	n.d.	104	n.d.	28.1
EC₁₀	(n.d.)	(–)	(–)	(n.d.)	(–)	(n.d.)
EC₅₀	135	n.d.	82.6	n.d.	n.d.	57.6
EC₅₀	(n.d.)	(–)	(n.d.)	(–)	(–)	(n.d.)
Shoot length
NOEC	27.8	200	48.1	72.2	100	16.0
EC₁₀	14.5^a	565	54.9	63.2	32.8^a	11.7
EC₁₀	(0.1–32.3)	(n.d.)	(53.7–55.9)	(45.7–74.8)	(1.0–82.0)	(5.5–17.2)
EC₅₀	82.9	n.d.	96.0	127	434	49.8
EC₅₀	(45.8–344)	(–)	(94.9–97.2)	(115–147)	(253–1341)	(39.9–66.4)
Biomass
NOEC	27.8	50	48.1	≥144	≥800	16.0
EC₁₀	10.9^a	113	35.2	45.4	9.1^a	7.7
EC₁₀	(0.1–22.6)	(14.5–203)	(34.8–35.5)	(40.5–49.5)	(3.0–17.4)	(0.1–15.3)
EC₅₀	41.3	603	61.9	74.0	107	23.5
EC₅₀	(15.8–63.3)	(405–1394)	(61.7–62.2)	(70.5–77.6)	(79.4–137)	(3.6–103)
Valid:	Yes	Yes	No (60 % emerged)	No (60 % emerged)	No (58 % emerged)	Yes
Application range	27.8–250	50.0–800	16.0–144	36.1–144	50.0–800	9.30–83.3

Effective concentrations (EC₁₀, EC₅₀ with 95 % confidence interval) and NOEC based on nominal test concentrations with 95 % confidence intervals (CI)
n.d. not determined due to inappropriate data
^aExtrapolated value (beyond tested concentration range)