Table 2 Examples of in vivo bioassays applied by certain member states within aquatic monitoring programmes
Organism | Test item | Endpoint | Species | Exposure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Bacteria | w, ws, e, p | Bioluminescence | Aliivibrio fischeri (f/m) | 5 to 30 min. |
Enzyme activity | Arthrobacter globiformis (f) | 2 h | ||
Algae | w, e, p | Growth | Phaeodactylum tricornutum (m) | 72 h |
Skeletonema costatum (m) | ||||
Growth | Desmodesmus subspicatus (f) | 72 h | ||
Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (f) | ||||
Growth | Ceramium tenuicorne (m) | 7 days | ||
Plants | w, e, p | Growth | Lemna minor (f) | 7 days |
ws | Growth | Myriophyllum aquaticum (f) | 10 days | |
Rotifera | w, e, p | Mortality | Brachionus plicatilis | 24 to 48 h |
Crustacea (amphipods) | ws | Mortality | Corophium spp. (and other amphipods) (m) | 10 days |
w, e, p | Mortality | Artemia franciscana (m) | 24 h, 14 days | |
Mortality | Acartia tonsa (m) | 96 h | ||
Tigriopus fulvus (m) | ||||
Mobility, mortality, reproduction | Daphnia magna (f) | 24/48 h, 21 days | ||
Cerodaphnia dubia (f) | ||||
Nematoda | ws | Mortality, fertility, reproduction | Caenorhabditis elegans (f) | 96 h |
Annelida | ws | Mortality, reproduction | Lumbriculus variegatus (f) | 28 days |
Insecta | w, ws | Mortality, reproduction | Chironomus riparius (f) | 48 h, 28 days |
Bivalvia | w, e, p | Development | Crassostrea gigas (m) | 24 to 72 h |
Mytilus galloprovincialis (m) | ||||
Tapes philippinarum (m) | ||||
Echinodermata | w, e, p | Fertilisation | Paracentrotus lividus (m) | ≤72 h |
Development | Sphaerechinus granularis (m) | |||
Polychaeta | ws | Mortality | Hediste diversicolor (m) | 10 days |
Vertebrata (fishes) | w, e, p | Mortality and genotoxic damage | Danio rerio (and embryos of other species) (f) | 96 h, 28 days |
Dicentrarchus labrax (m) |