Toxicology of perfluorinated compounds

Stahl, Thorsten; Mattern, Daniela; Brunn, Hubertus

doi:10.1186/2190-4715-23-38

Environmental Sciences Europe

Table 24 Data from studies on subacute and subchronic toxicities of PFOS and PFOA

From: Toxicology of perfluorinated compounds

Substance	Exposure period	Species	Target organ/Effect	Effective dosage^a	NOAEL^a	Reference
PFOS	28 days	Rats	Body weight ↓, liver mass ↑, and altered gene expression and fatty acid metabolism in the liver, T₃, and T₄ ↓	2 to 20 mg/kg feed	n.r.	Curran et al. [143]
	14 weeks	Rats (male)	Hypertrophy and vacuolization of the liver	n.r.	0.37	Seacat et al. [108]
	26 weeks	Cynomolgus monkey	Centrilobular vacuolization, hypertrophy of the liver, T₃ ↓, TSH ↑, HDL ↓, and bilirubin, cholesterol concentrations ↓	n.r.	0.03	Seacat et al. [128]
	1 and 4 months	Fresh water larvae of small dragonflies	Deterioration of behavioral and activity parameters (larvae were less active, less able to avoid attackers, or less efficient in foraging)	> 10 μg/L	10 μg/L	Van Gossum et al. [289]
PFOA	7 days	Japanese guppies	Activity of peroxisomal acyl-CoA-oxidase ↑ and significant inhibition of catalase activity, mRNA concentration proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β ↑	50 and 100 mg/L	n.r.	Yang [147]
	14 days	Minnows	Changes in the expression of apolipoproteins and upstream genes (PPARα, PPARγ, HNF4α)	n.r.	n.r.	Fang et al. [148]
	90 days	Rats (male)	Liver mass ↑ and hepatocellular necrosis	1.7	0.6	Goldenthal [290]
APFO	14 days	Rats	Body weight gain ↓, liver mass ↑, and serum enzyme activity ↑	84 mg/m³	1 mg/m³	Kennedy et al. [100]
	90 days	Rats (male)	Absolute and relative liver mass ↑, hepatocellular hypertrophy, and effects were reversible	0.64	0.06	Perkins et al. [141]
	90 days	Rhesus monkey	Gastrointestinal effects and mortality	3 to 100	n.r.	Goldenthal [145]
	26 weeks	Cynomolgus monkey	Liver mass and mortality ↑	3 to 30	n.r.	Butenhoff et al. [146]
PFOS/PFDA/PFOA	3 weeks	Chicks (male)	No significant effects	n.r.	> 1	Yeung et al. [284]

^aEffective dosage and NOAEL without further specifications are presented in milligrams per kilogram per body weight per day. Upward arrow, increased; downward arrow, decreased; n.r., not reported; T₃: tri-iodo thyronine; T₄, thyroxin.

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